A year into widespread AI coding assistant adoption, we have real data on what works. The productivity claims range from “55% faster” to “marginal at best.” The truth depends on context: the task, the developer, and the tooling. Let’s cut through the hype.
Here’s what actually works for developer productivity with AI.
The Reality of AI Coding Assistants
What the Data Shows
productivity_research:
github_study:
finding: 55% faster task completion
context: Specific controlled task (HTTP server)
caveat: Not representative of all work
real_world_observations:
high_impact:
- Boilerplate generation
- Test scaffolding
- Documentation
- Familiar patterns
low_impact:
- Novel algorithms
- Complex debugging
- Architecture decisions
- Domain-specific logic
sometimes_negative:
- When suggestions are wrong
- When review overhead exceeds value
- When developers over-trust output
Developer Experience Varies
developer_variation:
who_benefits_most:
- Developers working with unfamiliar APIs
- Those writing repetitive code
- Polyglot developers switching languages
- Those comfortable reviewing AI output
who_benefits_less:
- Deep domain experts (AI can't match knowledge)
- Those working on novel problems
- Those in heavily regulated environments
- Security-focused developers
Effective Use Patterns
High-Value Use Cases
high_value_patterns:
boilerplate_generation:
task: Create CRUD endpoints, model definitions
value: Eliminates tedious typing
quality: Usually good enough to use
test_generation:
task: Create test scaffolding from implementation
value: Faster test coverage
quality: Good starting point, needs refinement
documentation:
task: Docstrings, READMEs, comments
value: Reduces documentation burden
quality: Good first draft
api_exploration:
task: "How do I use this library?"
value: Faster than reading docs
quality: Usually accurate for popular libraries
code_translation:
task: Convert between languages
value: Accelerates migration
quality: Good for syntax, check semantics
Effective Workflows
effective_workflows:
comment_first:
approach: Write detailed comment, let AI implement
example: "// Function to validate email with regex, return bool"
benefit: AI has clear specification
test_first:
approach: Write test, let AI write implementation
benefit: Tests validate AI output
iterative_refinement:
approach: Accept partial, modify, continue
benefit: Combines AI speed with human judgment
review_rigorously:
approach: Treat AI output as junior developer code
benefit: Catches errors before they ship
What Doesn’t Work
Anti-Patterns
productivity_anti_patterns:
blind_acceptance:
pattern: Accept suggestions without review
problem: Subtle bugs, security issues
result: Debugging time exceeds generation time
complex_prompting:
pattern: Long prompts trying to specify everything
problem: Diminishing returns, fragile
result: Simpler prompts often work better
fighting_the_ai:
pattern: Repeatedly rejecting to get perfect output
problem: Time spent exceeds manual writing
result: Net negative productivity
over_reliance:
pattern: Using AI for everything
problem: Skill atrophy, wrong tool for job
result: Worse outcomes for complex tasks
When to Skip AI
skip_ai_for:
security_critical:
- Authentication logic
- Cryptography
- Access control
why: AI may introduce vulnerabilities
performance_critical:
- Hot paths
- Algorithms with specific complexity requirements
why: AI optimizes for readability, not performance
domain_complex:
- Business logic requiring deep context
- Regulatory compliance code
why: AI lacks necessary context
already_know_it:
- Simple code you can type quickly
why: Review overhead exceeds benefit
Team Adoption
Effective Rollout
adoption_approach:
start_small:
- Opt-in for interested developers
- Specific use cases
- Gather feedback
measure_impact:
- Task completion time
- Code review findings
- Developer satisfaction
- Bug rates
share_learnings:
- What works, what doesn't
- Effective prompts
- Review techniques
adjust_workflow:
- Code review focus areas
- Testing expectations
- Documentation practices
Code Review Adaptation
code_review_for_ai:
additional_focus:
- Plausible but wrong logic
- Security vulnerabilities
- Edge cases
- Performance implications
questions_to_ask:
- "Does this handle null/empty cases?"
- "Is this the right algorithm?"
- "Are there security implications?"
- "Does this match our patterns?"
red_flags:
- Unusually verbose solutions
- Unfamiliar patterns
- Missing error handling
- Suspicious confidence
Measuring Productivity
What to Measure
productivity_metrics:
task_level:
- Time to complete specific tasks
- Code volume for similar tasks
- Number of iterations needed
quality_level:
- Bugs per feature
- Code review iteration count
- Test coverage
satisfaction:
- Developer survey scores
- Tool usage rates
- Retention of tool usage
caution:
- Avoid measuring lines of code
- Avoid comparing developers
- Context matters enormously
Key Takeaways
- AI coding assistants deliver real value for specific tasks
- Boilerplate, tests, and documentation are high-value use cases
- Review AI output like junior developer code
- Skip AI for security-critical and domain-complex code
- Effective prompting: simple, specific, comment-first
- Anti-patterns: blind acceptance, over-reliance
- Measure impact carefully with quality metrics
- Adopt incrementally, share learnings
- Individual developer experience varies significantly
- AI augments developers, doesn’t replace judgment
AI makes good developers more productive. It doesn’t make bad code good.